Charles Darwin, A Scientist And Natural Observer Of The World

In 1871, a scientist and natural observer of the world published a book named The Descent of Man, despite it contradicting the widely held religious beliefs of the time. Charles Darwin, the naturalist famous for his contributions to evolutionary theory, applies his own theories of evolution to humans in his book, The Descent of Man, and explains that the common cognitive characteristics which define humans as unique have â€Å"...no fundamental difference between man and the higher mammals† (34). Darwin is able to push this point forward by hypothesising about the development of early man and how natural selection gave rise to certain mental capacities that are only a bit more evolved than other animals. The mental faculties he chooses to address in his publication are imitation, attention, memory, imagination, reasoning, and toolmaking. First, it is important to understand what natural selection and evolution are and how they would have strengthened mankind s brains. Accordin g to Darwin’s own theory of natural selection, organisms that are most fit for their environment are the ones that survive and pass on their traits to their offspring. The less fit genes, and their carriers, go extinct from the gene pool. Eventually, the gradual changes over a long period of time add up and the end result is a new species derived from another. Most observed animals evolve through the modification of their physical structure to suit their environments; however, humans have uniquely evolvedShow MoreRelatedEssay on Biography of Charles Darwin1365 Words   |  6 PagesCharles Darwin was a British scientist who laid the foundation of modern evolutionary theory with his concept of the development of all forms of life through the slow-working process of natural selection. His work was of major influence on the life and earth sciences and on modern thought in general. Darwin was born in 1809 in Shrewsbury, a small market town in Shropshire, England. His wealthy physician father was the son of Erasmus Darwin who had written Laws of Organic Life. His mother was theRead MoreDarwin s Philosophy That There Are Many Checks And Balances That Level Out The Population888 Words   |  4 PagesDarwin’s philosophy that there are many checks and balances that level out the population is one based entirely in reality. He is correct that a population cannot grow as fast as they are theoretically allowed, mainly due to the existence of natural predators and the physical limitations of the space that they are in. He also constructs an argument based on the introduction of invasive species and how man can have a major impact on the tendencies of species to reproduce and thrive. He brings hisRead MoreCreationism versus Evolutionary Theories Essay1216 Words   |  5 PagesI have always been fascinated by the two major theories in the world used to explain ho w the human race and other life forms came to be on planet Earth. These two theories are commonly known as the Creationism theory and the Evolution theory. I want to have a look at: who came up with these theories, why those theories exist, different beliefs on how old the earth is, basic timelines for each theory, central reason as to how humans came to exist and where the evidence used by each side to explainRead MoreThe Discoveries Of The Scientific Revolution1444 Words   |  6 PagesBefore the Scientific Revolution began to take shape around the year 1550, the world of science was exceedingly narrow and thought to be known. The scientific views of the pre-scientific revolution stem back even further than the popular Aristotelian era of science. Hippocrates contributed greatly to the field of science, especially in the field of medicine. It was during his years of medical studies that Hippocrates theorized the â€Å"Four Temperaments†. This theory hypothesized that there are fourRead MoreZoology Essay1264 Words   |  6 Pagesof animals based on specimens sent to him from all over the world. Although the word cell was introduced in the 17th century by the English scientist Robert Hooke, it was not until 1839 that two Germans, Matthias Schleiden and Theodor Schwann, proved that the cell is the common structural unit of living things. The cell concept provided impetus for progress in embryology, founded by the Russian scientist Karl von Baer, and for the development by a Frenchman, ClaudeRead MoreTheory of Knowledge - ‘the Ultimate Protection Against Research Error and Bias Is Supposed to Come from the Way Scientists Constantly Test and Retest Each Others Results’ – to What Extent Would You Agree with This Claim1552 Words   |  7 Pagesprotection against research error and bias is supposed to come from the way scientists constantly test and retest each others results’ – To What extent would you agree with this claim in the natural and human sciences. Human beings are inherently flawed creatures. Through faults in reason and sense perception we interpret the world not as it truly is. Both the Human and Natural Sciences are tools to understand the world and are a lens in which to comprehend ideas not readily available to us purelyRead MoreThe Museum Of Natural History1242 Words   |  5 PagesIn March of 2010, the Smithsonian Museum of Natural History marked its 100th anniversary with the opening of the Hall of Human Origins exhibit. The Hall of Human Origins is comprised of information that takes museum-goers back in time to witness human development over the course of thousands of years and its impact on the world. For many, this exhibit serves as an environment that fosters learning, increases knowledge, and sparks interest in anthropic history. Yet for others, this exhibit sticksRead MoreThe Role of Research and Statistics in the Field of Psychology1358 Words   |  6 Pagesonly truly be found through the above methods. The Scientific Method For as long as the human mind has had thought, human beings have, in one way or another, questioned, observed, and analyzed the world we live in and the way we proceed to live within it. These human beings, the thinkers, the observers, the analyzers have always been and still remain the scholars of their time period. The phrase â€Å"method of scholars† is an alternative title for the scientific method, for it is the absolute best setRead MoreEvolution : The Fossil Say No ! Essay2153 Words   |  9 PagesCreationism, it is theory that claims every element in the earth, including living species, are all created by the god as the Bible said, which denies the evolutional theory came up by Charles Darwin. Then, since Darwin’s evolutionary theory is testable and make solid predictions whereas creationism cannot be tested nor predict precisely, it has been considered as a pseudoscience. However, recently there is a Ph.D. Biochemist bring creationism theory back to the audie nce again, his name is DuaneRead More The Big Bang Theory Essay3469 Words   |  14 Pagestheory has developed a great deal since it was first conceptualized and continues to evolve today. Many different scientists have had a hand in this. Throughout time people have held different ideas of what the universe looks like, from the Aristotelian universe centered around the Earth to the Copernican universe with our Sun at the center. After Sir Isaac Newton invented physics, natural philosophers started to think that perhaps at one time there were no planets or stars but a cloud of matter. Then

President Ronald Reagan And Soviet Leaders Gorbachev From...

To what extent did the four summits between President Ronald Reagan and Soviet leader Mikhail Gorbachev from 1985-1988 contribute to ending the Cold War? Zachary Gee Teacher: Mr. Michael Peters History IB HL: Internal Assessment School: Old Scona Academic High School March 8th, 2015 IB Number: 000161-0030 Word Count: 1997 Section A: Plan of Investigation This investigation examines to what extent did the four summits between President Ronald Reagan and Soviet leader Mikhail Gorbachev from 1985-1988 contribute to ending the Cold War? My research assesses whether the summits were the main catalyst for ending the war or whether there were broader political and economic forces from both the USA and USSR that ended it. The years from 1985 to 1993 will be the main focus. The method used includes both Soviet and American primary and secondary historical resources to gather wide ranged evidence and a more balanced perspective. Two sources will also be evaluated in depth for value, weakness and or limitation– the books Reagan and Gorbachev by Jack Matlock, and On my Country and the World by Mikhail Gorbachev. They provide contrasting points of view of narration from powerful government individuals of both the American-Western inner perspective and the inside Soviet Union perspective. Word Count: 149 Section B: Summary of Evidence Broader Political and Economic Soviet Issues: 1) Mikhail Gorbachev was leader of the USSR from 1985-1991.He enactedShow MoreRelatedRelationship between the United States and the Soviet Union1325 Words   |  5 PagesWar years between the United States and the Soviet Union, President Ronald Reagan and his counterpart the general secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union Mikhail Gorbachev during the 1980s should have focused on bright future by reducing the nuclear arms, because having a partnership, friendship and the common goal will move two nations toward success. On 1985, in an effort to improve the international situation, the United States and the Soviet Union have decided to hold a meeting in SwitzerlandRead MoreWhat ´s Bugetary Globalization?1081 Words   |  5 Pagesrearrange their substantial businesses and to switch to workstations. The Soviet Union couldnt keep up. For example, when Gorbachev came to power in 1985, there were 50,000 Pcs in the Soviet Union; in the United States there were 30 million. Fo ur years after the fact, there were something like 400,000 Pcs in the Soviet Union, and 40 million in the United States. As per one Soviet economist, by the late 1980s, just eight percent of Soviet industry was aggressive at world norms. It is troublesome to remainRead More Ronald Reagan and the End of the Cold War Essay1874 Words   |  8 Pagesstruggle between the United States and its allies and the group of nations led by the Soviet Union. Direct military conflict did not occur between the two superpowers, but intense economic and diplomatic struggles erupted. Different interests led to mutual suspicion and hostility in a rising philosophy. The United States played a major role in the ending of the cold war. It has been said that President Ronald Reagan ended the cold war with his strategic defense policies. In the year1949,Read MoreEssay about Ronald Reagan1454 Words   |  6 PagesRonald Reagan was one of the most influential presidents in American history; yet he is one of the least talked about in present day history books. President Reagan was not an Ivy League rich-kid or raised in a politically motivated family. He was a midwestern boy who played football and worked his way through college. President Reagan had visions for the future of this country. Reagan realized he wanted to lead the country during his time working in California, in the Screen Actors Guild. 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There is widespread recognition that a stagnating Soviet economy definitely shaped Gorbachev s policy of perestroika to revive a command economy dominated by the Soviet Communist Party and state. Although Gorbachev struggled to transform the Soviet economy, the American economy revived after a severe recessionRead MoreThe Collapse Of The Soviet Union2349 Words   |  10 PagesIn December of 1991, the world was shocked, of once seeing a super power that was dominating the world beside the United State of America. Moreover, The Soviet Union sudden collapse, which was composed of fifteen countries, exposed the downfall of the political and economic rule of Communism, which was put in place by the Bolshevik revolution in November of 1917. Many westerners predicted and or were happy that the Communistic ruled country finally saw it’s ending, which left only one dominate nationRead MoreRonald Reag A Child Of Nelle And John Reagan1322 Words   |  6 PagesRonald Reagan was born in Tampico, Illinois as a child of Nelle and John Reagan. He attended Dixon high school and then went to Eureka College to study economics and sociology. He was very involved in the college he went to. He played football, ran track, was the captain of the swim team, student council president, and an actor in school productions. In his adult life, Reagan was known for many things such as being an actor, governor, and a successful president. After graduating in 1932, he startedRead MoreWhy The Detente Didn t End The Cold War2437 Words   |  10 PagesGlory-Lieb Tetuh Professor Givens History 3-315 Leonid Brezhnev Vs. Mikhail Gorbachev Why the dà ©tente didn’t end the cold war The cold war, which lasted from approximately 1947- 1991, was a state of political and military tension between the powers of the western and the eastern bloc- as championed by the United States and the Soviet Union. During the period of the seventies through the early eighties, the Soviet Union, under the leadership of Brezhnev entered into a period of dà ©tente- the easingRead MoreEssay about Gorbachev757 Words   |  4 PagesGorbachev March 1985 marks a turning point in the Communist rule of Russia. Mikhail Gorbachev is elevated to the position of General Secretary. He is aware of the current social upheaval occurring and that change must occur if Communism is to survive. He begins a program called Perestroika which was the organizational restructuring of the Soviet economy and government apparatus. Gorbachev discovers that this change will depend on other changes, among others a more tolerant and open political

Dec Of Independence Essay English Free Essays

However, the document does not just serve as a list of misrepresentations and evils done by the King, but it in fact helps to outline an abstract plan of how the people of the colonies should live after secession from the Crown. Jefferson is able to annunciate, within the document, the utter importance of the basic rights all men should have. The Declaration of Independence also helps guide the people away from governments with unchecked power. We will write a custom essay sample on Dec Of Independence Essay English or any similar topic only for you Order Now Jefferson’s overarching theme within the document is self- government and he writes with a huge emphasis on State representation. Basic human rights are some of the most controversial topics that the world has ever seen. The Declaration of Independence is no exception. The principles of the document all deal with basic human rights. Jefferson states the King’s inhumane decisions and actions against the rights, we the people, ought to have as human beings. Jefferson states that we all have, â€Å"certain unalienable Rights, that among these are Life, Liberty, and the pursuit of Happiness. Jefferson has incredibly strong feelings about people who try to take away our natural rights and he wants to deter the States from being tuck under a government that does not respect those very rights. Not only as people do we have the privilege to these rights, but we also have the duty to preserve them at any cost. Jefferson’s statements within the document help to show his true agenda; to offer a reason to change their society so that the people can be free without misrepresentation. Thomas Jefferson proves t he importance of rebelling against absolute monarchs within his writing of The Declaration of Independence. He writes of how the King used his power for evil instead of good. For instance, Jefferson states, † He has plundered our seas, ravaged our Coasts, burnt our towns, and destroyed the lives of our people. † The people Of the colonies must stand up to the British Empire at any cost to preserve their liberty and freedom. He puts everything on the table and provides a direction to a system in which States can govern themselves and depend less on a centralized government. Jefferson demands that the people of the colonies are able to live in peace whilst completely represented in terms of taxation, military endeavors, etc. Although at times Jefferson’s words seem to sound like he has a literal plan of how the colonies should be governed, in fact, it is a philosophy that does not have to be limited to just those who live in the colonies, but any person or people that feel they have been unfairly or unrightfully governed. His words offer a powerful message that any oppressor, whether a single person or a unified government, needs to be dealt with and should never be allowed to continue with wrath. The only way to entirely get rid of tyrannical or corrupt leaders, kings, etc. is to give the majority of the power to each individual state to self-govern. Jefferson feels above all else that state rights and representation are the most important ideals and values we, as a people, should have. The Declaration of Independence serves as a highly summarized game plan to create a less intrusive and less intensive government that will not unfairly govern the people. The document Serves as a message that the United Colonies are independent and shall govern themselves whether or not the King of Britain agrees. Jefferson demands that States at least have proper representation within a national government if there is to be one. Though, this document is not merely just a plan for a new government, it also serves as something more: an idea that will fuel freedom and a new beginning for the people. Jefferson uses several different means of getting his point across within The Declaration of Independence. He uses harsh examples of evil actions committed by the tyrannical government of Britain. Another example of Jefferson getting his point across is a brand new future he speaks of as well as hat the States/Colonies could have if they get rid of the British monarch. How to cite Dec Of Independence Essay English, Essays

Organizational Culture and Knowledge Management

Question: Discuss about the Organizational Culture and Knowledge Management. Answer: Introduction Abu Dhabi National Oil Company is one of the largest oil companies in the world. The company is mostly working for the utilization of or extraction of vast oil and gas reserves. ADNOC is one of the largest energy companies of the world that is measured by both reserves and production. The company mostly function two oil refineries as well as Umm Al Nar. It also has several subsidiary companies in the upstream, midstream as well as downstream sectors. The headquarter of ADNOC is a landmark skyscraper complex situated in Abu Dhabi (Al Murawwi et al., 2014). Human Resource Audit ADNOC has a several number of multi-national as well as technical staff. One of the crucial departments of ADNOC is the human resource department. The department has been incessantly working towards rising the percentage of UAE nationals in its labor force. The department provides training programs for both internal workers and for those applicants of UAE who are interested on working with Abu Dhabi National Oil Company. The major activities that the HR department undergoes include job planning, performance appraisal, career enhancement as well as job design and work measurement. There is also a separate department known as the Employee Development Department works in close synchronization with the HR department for career development of the workers (Rai Victor, 2012). Human Resource Development at ADNOC The HRD policies in ADNOC are mostly focused on regular enrollment as well as upholding of the work force for several procedures in the company. The company keeps the accessibility of human resource for an on-going work base under consideration. Under a new plan initiated by the company called Group National Recruitment program that is mainly managed by Group National Recruitment Department (GNRP), the company is presently hiring more workers from UAE. Apart from GNRP, the company is also reliant on economical labor force from the subcontinent of India for general ground works at several levels in the company. The major aim of the company is to improve the skills of the human resource and to make ADNOC a better place to work (Rahman Sharif, 2014). There are mostly four parts in which the human resource management department is divided. The first part involves developing workers, the second part is about acquiring workers, the third part deals with their motivation and the last part is retaining of employees. The company mostly follows the ARDM model that will lead to successful HRM practice. With the help of this model, the organization is able to best-qualified employees in the organization. The workers who are associated with the organization are also able to perform the job that fits their skills and abilities. ARDM is very useful to provide diagnostics point of view to HRM (Sovacool, 2016). Review Progress According to the National Human Resource Development and Employment Authority, Abu Dhabi National Oil Company has been able to surpass its target in terms of UAE National Employment Drive. The success rate of the company in terms of providing jobs was 100 percent to the local individuals in the UAE. The company as well as its subsidiaries was successful to increase the percentage rate UAE nationals to 50 percent in the labor force. The company was also successful to set an ambitious target of raising this percentage to 75 percent within the next two years. The Emiritization procedure of ADNOC has created various publicity in UAE and across the world (Rao, 2014). On the other hand, this procedure is also concerned with local and international companies who are associated with ADNOC. The company also provides requisite training to youthful candidates with the help of the training institute that is established by the company. Training is considered as one of the imperative pillar for the company. The company has also tied up with several agencies such as GETEX that helps for planning of career. However, it has also been found that the training and development programs set up by the company are mostly biased towards the UAE candidates (Aswathappa, 2013). According to the audit, it has been found that the Emiritization policy mostly favors those who belongs to UAE however; for the migrants it is completely a disaster. Hence, the involvement process helps the migrant candidates to generate a feeling of business that helps to understand that injustice is being done and as a result, they leave their job. This is also mostly because; they are not able to find it justifiable that a less appropriate UAE national is rising in front of them. This in turn leads to employee turnover rate that mostly takes place when payments are less (Modarress, Ansari Lockwood, 2013). The organization does not follow the best practice, as there were several recognized loopholes in the strategy followed by the company. This mostly because, by following the above mentioned policy the company had to compromise on quality. In other words, many brilliant candidates were rejected on the basis of nationality. However, a variety of unskilled candidates found place in the company due to their UAE origin. Due to the fact that the training and development programs were mostly provided to the UAE nationals, most of the good quality candidates could not take influence of the education and skills at the organization (Krishnamoorthy Boardman, 2016). Strengths and Weaknesses The strengths that are associated with HRM practices audit are that it plays a major role in the success of a company. As a result, it is a very imperative factor that requires to be acknowledged by senior management. It helps to recognize the contribution of human resource management to the company. The Audit also helps to improve the specialized image of the Human Resource department. It motivates uniformity of HR strategies as well as practices and helps to identify critical HR related issues. It helps to diminish human resource cost with the help of more effectual Human Resource Process. The augmented reception of desirable change in the Human Resource department is also created with the help of HR audit (Choi et al., 2013). The weakness that are associated with HRM practices audit mainly deals with implementation failure. HRD audit can also sometimes be used against HRD department. It can also used by the organization to get rid of some workers from the organization. HRD audit does not provide assessment of individuals but focuses on units and systems. They are also not conducted with adequate time and space (Nicolaescu, 2013). Corrective Action/ Recommendation There is a requirement to improve the HRM practice in ADNOC and as a result, the company requires involving new hiring procedure. If the GNRP department is not able to accomplish the requirement through the interior movement, it shall initiate a new hiring procedure. The requisite job profile will be sent to diverse recruitment agencies and it will be posted on the website of the company. The GNRP department will take responsibility for the first round of evaluation by going through the submitted resumes. The short-listed resumes are then required to be sent to the managers of the personal department at diverse related companies. Then the department managers will examine the profile and select few impending candidates for the deserving position in the company. Either the manager or the superintendent will conduct the interview of the candidate. The GNRP department will conduct the interview of the selected candidates once they receive a green signal from the department. The selected candidates will receive the offer letter only if the GNRP department is convinced with the interview. The HR department also requires to maintain a balance between the expectation of the individuals as well as aspiration of Emiritization policy. The department also requires to make sure that the migrants who are working at ADNOC does not face any feeling of biasness. As a result, ADNOC HR department requires to recompense migrant employees for the Emiritization policy. Conclusion It can be concluded that Abu Dhabi National Oil Company provides requisite training to youthful candidates with the help of the training institute that is established by the company. Training is considered as one of the imperative pillar for the company. With the help of ARDM model, the organization is able to best-qualified employees in the organization. References Al Murawwi, M. A., Behery, M., Papanastassiou, M., Ajmal, M. (2014). Examining the relationship between organizational culture and knowledge management: the moderation effect of organizational divisions at an Abu Dhabi Gas company.SAM Advanced Management Journal,79(2), 48. Aswathappa, K. (2013).Human resource management: Text and cases. Tata McGraw-Hill Education. Choi, J. H., Choi, S., Hogan, C. E., Lee, J. (2013). The effect of human resource investment in internal control on the disclosure of internal control weaknesses.Auditing: A Journal of Practice Theory,32(4), 169-199. Krishnamoorthy, P., Boardman, B. N. (2016, November). Sustaining High HSE Performance by Effectively Transforming Data into Information-the Al Hosn Gas Integrated HSE Database. InAbu Dhabi International Petroleum Exhibition Conference. Society of Petroleum Engineers. Modarress, B., Ansari, A., Lockwood, D. L. (2013). Emiratisation: from policy to implementation.International Journal of Human Resources Development and Management,13(2-3), 188-205. Nicolaescu, E. (2013). Understanding Risk Factors for Weaknesses in Internal Controls over Financial Reporting.Psychosociological Issues in Human Resource Management,1(3), 38-44. Rahman, F., Sharif, M. Y. (2014). The Effectiveness of Leadership Development Programs: Developing a Research Framework for the Oil Exploration Companies in Abu Dhabi. Rai, V., Victor, D. G. (2012). Awakening giant: strategy performance of the Abu Dhabi National Oil Company (ADNOC).Victor et al, eds, Oil and Governance. Rao, T. V. (2014).HRD audit: Evaluating the human resource function for business improvement. SAGE Publications India. Sovacool, B. K. (2016). Countering a corrupt oil boom: Energy justice, Natural Resource Funds, and So Tom e Prncipe's Oil Revenue Management Law.Environmental Science Policy,55, 196-207.